“Pravova derzhava”. Issue 35 (2024), pages 479–490.

DOI: 10.33663/0869-2491-2024-35-479-490

Tymoshchuk Victor
On updating the legislation about the appeal Citizens’ Appeals

Introduction. The adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Administrative Procedure» (LAP) aff ects the scope of consideration of citizens’ appeals in general, necessitates the distinction between the subject matter of the LAP and the subject matter of the Law «On Citizens’ Appeals» (LCA), as well as the need to radically update the text of the LCA. Of particular relevance is the need to ensure the eff ectiveness of the mechanism for reviewing appeals and its balance.

Aim of the article. The purpose of the article is to formulate a vision of distinguishing between the types of appeals which are considered under the LAP and those which should be within the scope of the LCA. The author analyzes the key diff erences in the procedure for consideration of diff erent types of appeals. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to clarify: the essence of diff erent types of appeals, the subject composition of relations; to formulate proposals for rationalizing the mechanism of appeals.

Results. Consideration of applications and complaints has been transferred to the LAP. An application as a type of appeal concerns a subjective public right of a person. A complaint is intended to protect a person’s right, primarily in the case of an appeal against an administrative act. Instead, the LCA should retain proposals, recommendations, comments, and petitions. It is proposed to expand the circle of entities entitled to fi le appeals (at the expense of legal entities and all NGOs), but to narrow the circle of entities obliged to consider and respond to appeals (excluding private entities that do not perform public tasks). Conclusions. In connection with the entry into force of the LAР, Ukraine needs a radically new version of the LCA. The procedure for reviewing appeals should be rationalized. The personal reception of citizens and signing of responses to appeals should be carried out by employees authorized by the body, but not necessarily by the heads of these bodies. In the procedure for reviewing appeals under the LCA, there should be no guaranteed right to participate in the consideration of the case, since it does not concern the subjective rights of a person. Such procedural guarantees are available in cases under the LAP. As for «general appeals», it is enough to provide a response within the established time limit. Only failure to respond to an appeal may be appealed. It is necessary to develop mechanisms to protect against abuse of the right to appeal.

Key words: administrative procedure, citizens’ appeals, application, complaint, suggestions, recommendations, comments, public tasks.

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