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  5. Money sign as a legal means of payment and an object of civil rights

“Pravova derzhava”. Issue 35 (2024), pages 510–524.

DOI: 10.33663/0869-2491-2024-35-510-524

Babaskin Anatoly
Money sign as a legal means of payment and an object of civil rights

The statistics have identifi ed penny marks as a legal payment method and an object of civil rights. On the basis of the analysis of the norms of the legislation of Ukraine, doctrinal sources, the general characteristics of monetary signs in civil law are provided, the place of monetary signs in the system of objects of civil rights, etc. is determined. In the course of the research, the author determines the economic and legal functions of money signs. Based on the conducted research, the author draws the following conclusions. 1. The absence of norms in the legislation of Ukraine that would imperatively prevent the situation when payments for signifi cant amounts were made in coins is a shortcoming of the legislation of Ukraine that needs to be eliminated. 2. Payment tokens have the economic functions of a means of circulation, payment, accumulation, measure of value, as well as the main legal function — a legal means of payment. 3. Money signs are symbolic or fi at money, due to the lack of their provision by any monetary standard. 4. Although money is a separate object of civil rights, diff erent from things, the law extends the legal regime of property to banknotes, which indicates the need for further research into this legal phenomenon. 5. The provisions of the law, which defi ne currency signs as an «unconditional obligation of the NBU», should be understood as a public legal obligation of the state regulator aimed at ensuring the stability of the purchasing power of the hryvnia and the functioning of money circulation on the territory of Ukraine.

Key words: money, cash, cashless money, unprepared money, digital money, legal means of payment, bank, non-banking payment establishment, a thing, obligation, right of demand.

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