Укр Eng
+380 (44) 278-58-91
Pravova derzhava. <span>Scientific articles yearbook</span>
  1. Home
  2.  ⇒ 
  3. “Pravova derzhava”. Issue 35 (2024)
  4.  ⇒ 
  5. Experience of legal regulation of the artificial intelligence use under the laws of foreign countries

“Pravova derzhava”. Issue 35 (2024), pages 884–892.

DOI: 10.33663/0869-2491-2024-35-884-892

Vadym Harashchenko
Experience of legal regulation of the artificial intelligence use under the laws of foreign countries

The use of artifi cial intelligence is becoming the most important factor in the development of any state. Legal regulation of the order of its application has become the most important task of modern foreign and Ukrainian law. Analysis of the international practice of implementing various methodological approaches and tools for measuring the digital economy, statistical data, in particular the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), is important from the point of view of introducing such approaches in Ukraine as well. 21 March 2024 — The United Nations General Assembly has unanimously adopted the fi rst global resolution on artifi cial intelligence to encourage the protection of personal data, the monitoring of AI for risks, and the safeguarding of human rights. As part of its digital strategy, the EU wants to regulate artifi cial intelligence (AI) to ensure better conditions for the development and use of this innovative technology. AI can create many benefi ts, such as better healthcare; safer and cleaner transport; more effi cient manufacturing; and cheaper and more sustainable energy. In April 2021, the European Commission proposed the fi rst EU regulatory framework for AI. It says that AI systems that can be used in diff erent applications are analysed and classifi ed according to the risk they pose to users. The diff erent risk levels will mean more or less regulation. On March 13, 2024, the European Parliament formally adopted the EU Artifi cial Intelligence Act (“AI Act”). The AI Act is the world’s fi rst horizontal and standalone law governing AI, and a landmark piece of legislation for the EU. The EU considers the AI Act as one of its key pieces of legislation and fundamental to the EU. More specifi cally, the EU is aiming for the AI Act to have the same ‘Brussels eff ect’ as the GDPR - in other words, to have a signifi cant impact on global markets and practices and to serve as a potential blueprint for other jurisdictions looking to implement AI legislation. However, the story does not end here. Over the next few months and years, the AI Act will be specifi ed and supplemented further by secondary EU legislation — implementing and delegated acts to be adopted by the EU Commission. The article is devoted to the study and research of individual legislative initiatives of some foreign countries (such as the Netherlands, Singapore, as well as the European Union) and Ukraine in the fi eld of digitization and artifi cial intelligence. The main problems and challenges of introducing artifi cial intelligence in the context of human rights protection are highlighted.

Key words: digitization, artifi cial intelligence, artifi cial intelligence strategies, digital economy and society indices, risks of using digital technologies.

References 

  1. A ROADMAP TOWARD A COMMON FRAMEWORK FOR MEASURING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY. URL: https://www.oecd.org/sti/roadmap-toward-a-commonframework-for-measuring-the-digital-economy.pdf
  2. Raievnieva O. V., Aksonova I. V., Brovko O. I. Porivnialnyi reitynhovyi analiz stanu ta tendentsii didzhytalizatsii ukrainskoho suspilstva ta ekonomiky. Problemy ekonomiky № 4 (50), 2021. S.59. URL: https://www. problecon.com/export_pdf/problems-of-economy-2021-4_0-pages-56_66.pdf 
  3. IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2023. URL: https://www.imd.org/wp-content/ uploads/2023/12/Digital_2023.pdf
  4. Pizhuk O.I. Suchasni metodolohichni pidkhody do otsiniuvannia rivnia tsyfrovoi transformatsii ekonomiky. Biznes Inform. № 7, 2019. S. 45. 
  5. Rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 5 veresnia 2023 r. № 774-р «Pro zatverdzhennia pereliku pokaznykiv Indeksu tsyfrovoi economiky ta suspilstva (DESI)»). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/774-2023-%D1%80#Text
  6. The Netherlands ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. COUNTRY COMPARATIVE GUIDES 2023. URL: https://www.legal500.com/guides/chapter/the-netherlands-artifi cial-intelligence/?exportpdf
  7. The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA)-Regulation (EU) 2022/2554. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32022R2554 
  8. Personal Data Protection Act) Singapore Personal Data Protection Act 2012. URL: https:// sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/PDPA2012 
  9. “Singapore’s Model AI Governance Framework” (2019) by the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA). URL: https://www.imda.gov.sg/-/ media/imda/fi les/infocomm-media-landscape/sg-digital/tech-pillars/artifi cial-intelligence/ second-edition-of-the-model-ai-governance-framework.pdf
  10. “Guide to Personal Data Protection Act for AI and Data Analytics” by the Personal Data Protection Commission (PDPC) of Singapore. URL: https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/-/media/Files/PDPC/PDF-Files/ Guidelines/Guide-toPDPA-for-AI-and-Data-Analytics.pdf
  11. Asirian S. R. Zakonodavcha praktyka Sinhapuru shchodo vykorystannia shtuchnoho intelektu // Electronne naukove vydannia «Аnalitychno-porivnialne pravoznavstvo», 2023, № 7. https://app-journal.in.ua/ wp-content/uploads/2023/07/59.pdf
Back to contents