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Pravova derzhava. <span>Scientific articles yearbook</span>
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  5. Problems of distinguishing legal entities of public and private law

“Pravova derzhava”. Issue 36 (2025), pages 470–482.

DOI: 10.33663/0869-2491-2025-36-470-482

Babaskin Anatoly, Venetska Marуna
Problems of distinguishing legal entities of public and private law

The article is devoted to the issue of the distinction between legal entities of public and private law, which remains debatable in Ukraine, given the insufficiency of legally established criteria for their distinction. The analysis of the legislation of the USA, Canada, European and post-Soviet countries, the practice of the ECHR regarding the definition of the scope and legal status of legal entities of public law.

It is revealed that the emergence and content of the status of legal entities of public law in specific foreign legal systems has practically no standard approaches, and largely depends on various national-state and cultural-historical features of their development, and the status of a legal entity of public law is usually acquired by sufficiently arbitrarily granting it to them by the state. It is proved that in the absence of a special law and a legal definition of the list of legal entities of public law, a situation of certain legal uncertainty is created, which is a deficiency of the legislation. The criteria proposed by lawyers for distinguishing legal entities of public law from legal entities of private law are considered. It is argued that a new impetus for the discussion on the distinction between legal entities of public and private law is caused by the provisions of anti-corruption legislation on the declaration of income of politically exposed persons, and amendments are proposed to subparagraph «a» of paragraph 2 of part one of Article 3 of the Law of Ukraine «On Prevention of Corruption».

Key words: legal entity, legal entity of public law, legal entity of private law, state enterprises, municipal enterprises

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