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Pravova derzhava. <span>Scientific articles yearbook</span>
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  5. Transitional justice in Ukraine: mission of restoring justice

“Pravova derzhava”. Issue 36 (2025), pages 527–537.

DOI: 10.33663/0869-2491-2025-36-527-537

Kvasha Oksana
Transitional justice in Ukraine: mission of restoring justice

Introduction. Restoring justice as the ultimate goal of justice, including transitional justice, cannot consist only in bringing the guilty to criminal responsibility in compliance with all high standards. The concept of transitional justice includes a much broader set of means, to ensure which an appropriate state policy must be introduced in Ukraine. To develop the concept of transitional justice, this should become a priority of state policy today.
The aim of the article is to develop the scientific and theoretical foundations of the national concept of transitional justice.
Results and conclusions. Restoring justice as the mission of transitional justice in post-war Ukraine includes the responsibility and inevitability of punishing the aggressor country in the person of its political elite, as well as everyone who gave criminal orders or directly participated in military actions against Ukraine.
The transitional justice model can be conditionally called a system of four “B”: Retribution for the guilty, Compensation for victims, Establishment of the truth, Implementation of conflict prevention measures. Retribution for the guilty is bringing those guilty of committing crimes against Ukrainian citizens to justice. Compensation for victims is compensation for material and moral damage to all victims of crimes.
Establishment of the truth is a full and comprehensive investigation of all circumstances that led to the conflict and its escalation, an objective and documented reconstruction of the chronology of events. Implementation of conflict prevention measures is the creation of a system of safeguards that will make it impossible for similar conflicts to occur again, including strengthening the protection of national and state security, comprehensive reform of the system of law enforcement and judicial bodies, education and science, and the media.
Main results and conclusions of the study. The specificity of the Ukrainian situation is the presence of two grounds for introducing its own model of transitional justice, the development of which should be a priority of Ukraine’s state policy even today, during the war. In the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, transitional justice is a complex system of judicial and extrajudicial national and international mechanisms aimed at restoring human rights violated in the context of Russian military aggression, which includes such interrelated elements as retribution for the guilty, compensation for damage, establishing the truth, and implementing measures to prevent the recurrence of aggression. Restoring justice is the mission (high purpose) of transitional justice in Ukraine.
Key words: transitional justice, justice, human rights, the right to a fair trial, war crime, international crime, collective victim, establishing the truth, punishing the guilty, prevention, compensation for damage, bringing to criminal responsibility, victim, crime of aggression, special international tribunal.

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