“Pravova derzhava”. Issue 36 (2025), pages 596–603.

DOI: 10.33663/0869-2491-2025-36-596-603

Gatseliuk Vitalii
Legal traditions in the multiplicity of factors of criminalization of socially dangerous acts at the modern stage

In order to determine the relevance of theoretical approaches to understanding the factors of criminalization of socially dangerous acts in the context of the current state of legal protection against crime, the article analyzes legal traditions in the multiplicity of factors of criminalization in the context of globalization trends and processes of European integration. 

Like any other social process, the criminalization of behavior does not occur in a vacuum, it is influenced by numerous external circumstances. Understanding their nature and the degree of influence will allow to determine the content of criminalization processes more precisely and to propose tools for their improvement that would take into account this kind of influence. 

Unfortunately, the practice of criminalization often neglects to take into account the historical context, which requires a critical analysis of the relevance of this factor at the present stage. Neoliberalism and globalization are, of course, factors of criminalization, but these are social phenomena of too broad nature for instrumental research of their influence on the processes of criminalization. 

The anthropological principles of determining the factors of criminalization are analyzed as opposed to the state-oriented approach characteristic of post-Soviet legal regimes. Article underlines the importance of reflecting social needs in the law, rather than the arbitrariness of the legislator. So, the question arises, how to determine the moment of occurrence and "seriousness" of the violation of the natural laws, which, obviously, should be reflected in the formation of a certain social need, but taking into account the modern understanding of anthropology of criminal law. 

It is argued that a significant factor in criminalization is the historical tradition in a particular society and this corresponds to the practice of the European Union: as stated in the Communication of the European Commission to the EU Council and the European Parliament, although EU criminal law measures can play an important role as a complement to national criminal law systems, it is clear that criminal law reflects the basic values, customs and choices of any society. The Lisbon Treaty accepts this diversity. For this reason, it is particularly important to ensure coherence and consistency of EU legislation in the field of criminal law in order to have real added value.

It is concluded that a reasonable balance should be maintained between the universal values provided by criminal law and the historical traditions of the specific jurisdiction within which such legal regulation takes place.

Key words: criminalization of socially dangerous acts; criminalization factor; European integration.

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